- Adolf Noreen
- Adolf Tobler
- Aelius Donatus
- Alexander Melville Bell
- Alexandr Isačenko
- Alf Sommerfelt
- Alfred Charles Gimson
- Alfredo Trombetti
- Algirdas Julien Greimas
- Andreas Blinkenberg
- André Martinet
- André Vaillant
- Anna Wierzbicka
- Anne Holmen
- Antoine Meillet
- Anton Karlgren
- Aron Dolgopolsky
- Arsène Darmesteter
- Arthur Arnholtz
- August Friedrich Pott
- August Leskien
- August Schleicher
- Bengt Algot Sørensen
- Benjamin Lee Whorf
- Bent Jørgensen – navneforsker
- Bernard Comrie
- Berthold Delbrück
- Bertil Malmberg – svensk sprogforsker
- Birgit Anette Olsen
- Björn Collinder
- Bohumil Trnka
- Bruno Migliorini
- C. Wilhelm Schultz-Lorentzen
- C.A. Bodelsen
- Carl Stief
- Charles Francis Hockett
- Charles J. Fillmore
- Christian S. Stang
- Christian Sarauw
- Christianus Cornelius Uhlenbeck
- Claude Favre de Vaugelas
- Claus Drengsted-Nielsen
- Daniel Jones – britisk fonetiker
- David Crystal
- Djuro Daničić
- Dwight L. Bolinger
- E.N. Setälä
- Ebbe Spang-Hanssen
- Edgar C. Polomé
- Edgar H. Sturtevant
- Eduard Sievers
- Edward Sapir
- Eli Fischer-Jørgensen
- Esbern Spang-Hanssen
- Eugenio Coseriu
- Eve Sweetser
- Ferdinand Brunot
- Ferdinand de Saussure
- Frans Gregersen
- František Daneš
- Franz Bopp
- Franz von Miklosich
- François Raynouard
- Friedrich Christian Diez
- Friedrich Kluge
- Gaston Paris
- Geoffrey N. Leech
- George Lakoff
- Gerhard Helbig
- Gilles Fauconnier
- Graziadio Isaia Ascoli
- Guillaume Budé
- Gunnar Bech
- Gunnar Fant
- Gunnar Svane
- Gustav Gröber
- Gustav Meyer
- Gustave Guillaume
- Hans Jørgen Uldall
- Hans Krahe
- Hans Vogt
- Hans von Aphelen
- Heinrich Bach
- Henning Spang-Hanssen
- Henrik Birnbaum
- Henrik Galberg Jacobsen
- Henry Sweet
- Hermann Hirt
- Hermann Møller
- Hermann Paul
- Holger Pedersen
- Holger Sten
- Hugo Schuchardt
- Igor Meltjuk
- Iorgu Iordan
- J.R. Firth
- Jacob Grimm
- Jacob Wackernagel
- James A.H. Murray
- James D. McCawley
- Jan Baudouin de Courtenay
- Jan Firbas
- Jean-Pierre Rousselot
- Jens Elmegård Rasmussen
- Jens Holt
- Jerry Fodor
- Jerzy Kuryłowicz
- Jochem Schindler
- Johan Storm
- Johann Christoph Adelung
- Johann Kaspar Zeuss
- Johann Martin Schleyer
- Johannes Schmidt – tysk sprogforsker
- John Chadwick
- John Lyons
- John R. Searle
- John Ramstedt
- Jorma Koivulehto
- Josef Dobrovský
- Joseph Budenz
- Joseph H. Greenberg
- Joseph Vendryes
- Jules Gilliéron
- Julius Pokorny
- Jurij Derenikovitj Apresjan
- Jurij Knorozov
- Jón Helgason – professor i islandsk sprog og litteratur
- Jørgen Rischel
- Jānis Endzelīns
- Kaare Grønbech
- Karl Brugmann
- Karl Lachmann
- Karl Verner
- Karl Vossler
- Kenneth L. Pike
- Knud Togeby
- Konrad Duden
- Konráð Gíslason
- Kristian Sandfeld
- Kristoffer Nyrop
- L.L. Hammerich
- Len Talmy
- Leo Weisgerber
- Leonard Bloomfield
- Lorenzo Hervás y Panduro
- Louis Hjelmslev
- Lucien Tesnière
- Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza
- Marija Gimbutas
- Mark Turner
- Mathias Alexander Castrén
- Matteo Bartoli
- Maurice Grammont
- Maurice Grevisse
- Max Vasmer
- Maximilien Paul Émile Littré
- Merritt Ruhlen
- Michael A.K. Halliday
- Michael Fortescue
- Michel Bréal
- Morris Halle
- Morris Swadesh
- Nikolaj Marr
- Nikolaj Trubetskoj
- Nina Grønnum
- Noah Webster
- Noam Chomsky
- Ole Togeby
- Oswald Ducrot
- Oswald Szemerényi
- Otto Jespersen
- Otto von Friesen
- Ovid Densuşianu
- Paul Passy
- Per Jacobsen
- Peter Harder
- Peter Jørgensen
- Peter Ladefoged
- Poul Høybye
- Ramón Menéndez Pidal
- Randolph Quirk
- Rasmus Rask
- Robert Estienne
- Robert Lawrence Trask
- Robert Malcolm Ward Dixon
- Robert Martin
- Robin Lakoff
- Roman Jakobson
- Ronald W. Langacker
- Rudolf Thurneysen
- Sabine Kirchmeier
- Sebastian Shaumjan
- Sergej Kartsevskij
- Sergej Starostin
- Sextil Puşcariu
- Simon Dik
- Stephen Adolphe Wurm
- Sven-Aage Jørgensen
- Talmy Givón
- Tamaz Gamkrelidze
- Theo Venneman
- Thor Sundby
- Tomás Navarro Tomás
- Una Canger
- Uriel Weinreich
- V.U. Hammershaimb
- Viggo Brøndal
- Vilhelm Thomsen
- Vjatjeslav Ivanov – russisk filolog
- Vladimir Antonovitj Dybo
- Vladislav Markovitj Illitj-Svitytj
- Wallace L. Chafe
- Walther von Wartburg
- Werner Winter
- Wilhelm Grimm
- Wilhelm Meyer-Lübke
- Wilhelm Streitberg
- Wilhelm von Humboldt
- William Croft – amerikansk lingvist
- William Labov
- William Thalbitzer
- Yakov Malkiel
- Yrjö Henrik Toivonen
- Zellig S. Harris
- Émile Benveniste
